Chemistry+10

Welcome to Science 10: chemistry 10 This is the [|textbook BC Science 10 link]for unit 2

The text below includes handouts used in the course and additional resources that I consider useful. Please e-mail any links you have found useful. Thanks.

   

acids, alpha particle, atomic number, atoms, bases, beta particle, Bohr diagrams, bromothymolblue, catalyst, combustion, compounds, concentration, conservation of mass, covalent bonding, decomposition, electron ,fission, fusion, gamma radiation, half - life, indigocarmine, inorganic ,ionic bonding, ions ,isotope, Lewis diagrams, light, litmus paper, mass number, methylorange, molecules, neutralization (acid 􀈬 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">base), <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">neutron, organic, phenolphthalein, polyatomic, proton, radioactive decay, salts, single and double <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">replacement, surface area, symbolic equations,synthesis, valence electron
 * //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Chemical ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Reactions ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;"> and ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;"> Radioactivity //**
 * //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Vocabulary //**


 * //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Knowledge //**
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">acids,bases,and salts
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">common ionic and covalent compounds
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">organic and inorganic compounds
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">chemical reactions (synthesis, decomposition, single and double replacement ,neutralization, combustion)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">conservation of mass
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">radioactivity


 * //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Skills //****//<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;"> and //****//<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-BoldItalic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">Attitudes //**
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">draw and interpret Bohr models
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">draw and interpret Lewis diagrams for compounds containing single bonds
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">name and write chemical formulae for common ionic and covalent compounds, using appropriate terminology
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">use standardized tests for acids and bases
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">write and balance chemical equations
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">write and balance nuclear equations
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">use molecular models
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">use the periodic table and ion charts
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">demonstrate respect for precision

=<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Chapter four: Atomic Theory explains the formation of compounds =

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 4.1 Atomic Theory and Bonding **

__//**Prescribed Learning Outcomes:**//__ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">and components <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">demonstrate knowledge of the three subatomic particles, their properties,and their location within the atom(e.g., by creating <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">models) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">define and give examples of //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">ionic ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">bonding //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">(e.g.,metal and non <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;"> metal) and //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">covalent ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;"> bonding //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">(e.g.,two non <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">metals,diatomic <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">elements) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">with reference to elements 1 o 20 on the periodic table, draw and interpret Bohr models, including protons, neutrons, <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">and electrons, of <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">identify valence electrons using the periodic table (excluding lanthanides and actinides) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">distinguish between paired and unpaired electrons for a single <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">atom <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">draw and interpret Lewis diagrams showing single bonds for simple ionic compounds and covalent molecules <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">(e.g.,NaCl, MgO,BaBr <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 8px;">2 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">,H <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 8px;">2 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">O,CH <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 8px;">4 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">,NH <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 8px;">3 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">distinguish between lone pair sand bonding pairs of electrons in molecules
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">C1 differentiate between atoms, ions,and molecules using knowledge of their structure **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">atoms(neutral)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">ions(charged)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">molecules covalent bonding(e.g.,O <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 8px;">2 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">,CH <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 8px;">4 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">ionic compounds(e.g.,CaCl <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 8px;">2 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">To understand Atomic History: [|The Atom in History]and [|Rutherford scattering](discovery of the nucleus) [|Introduction to Chemistry][|The Atom] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">To make sense of the periodic table: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">1. general information on the [|The Periodic table]and [|utube videos]about each element <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">2. [|interactive periodic table]. Choose your [|own element]![|More than one type of periodic table]! <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">To identify subatomic particles: [|Subatomic particles] and [|chemical charge]in preparation for chemical formulae. [|Build an atom]. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">To identify absorption spectra for elements: click on elements in this [|periodic table]and [|Video lesson on periodic table] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">To get a head start on quantum mechanics (chemistry 11), check out [|this applet]. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">To understand [|molecules in motion](gas laws and kinetic molecular theory and more). [|Diffusion] and [|osmosis]across a memberane (cell)

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 4.2 Names and Formulas **

__//**Prescribed Learning Outcomes:**//__ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">identify acids and bases using indicators (e.g., methylorange, bromthymolblue, litmus, phenolphthalein, indigocarmine) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">explain the significance of the pH scale, with reference to <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">common substances <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">differentiate between acids, bases,and salts with respect to chemical formulae and properties <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- recognize the names and formulae of common acids (e.g.,hydrochloric,sulphuric,nitric,acetic) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">use the periodic table to explain the classification of elements as metals and nonmetals <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">identify the relative reactivity of elements in the alkali metal,alkaline earth metal,halogen, and noble gas groups <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">distinguish between metaloxide solutions (basic) and Non <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">metal oxide solutions(acidic) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">use the periodic table and a list of ions (including polyatomic ions) to name and write chemical formulae for common ionic compounds, using appropriate terminology (e.g.,Roman numerals) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">convert names to formulae and formulae to names for covalent compounds, using prefixes up to <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; font-size: 13px;">“ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">deca <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; font-size: 13px;">”
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">C2 classify substances as acids, bases, or salts, based on their characteristics, name, and formula **

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;"> <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Check out [|Ionic Compounds]and [|Covalent compounds]and [|Lewis Dot Stuctures] for instructions. [|Lesson on Lewis Dot Structures]and [|lesson on combining capacities]. The following documents provide practice in writing and naming covalent and ionic formulae. Use your textbook for instructions. [|Lesson on ions and isotopes.] <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Lesson on ionic formulae.] <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Lesson on naming ionic formulae.] <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Lesson on covalent bonds.] <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Lesson on metallic bonds.] <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Lesson on transition metals.]

<span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;"> <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">This document is our lab for this unit. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 4.3 Chemical Reactions ** __//**Prescribed Learning Outcomes:**//__ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">define and explain the //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">law ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">of ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;"> conservation ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">of ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;"> mass // <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">represent chemical reactions and the conservation of atoms using molecular models <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">write and balance (using the lowest whole number coefficients) chemical equations from formulae, word equations, <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">or descriptions o fexperiments <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">identify,giveevidencefor,predictproductsof,andclassifythefollowingtypesofchemicalreactions: <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">explain how factors such a temperature, concentration, presence of a catalyst ,and surface area can affect the rate of chemical reactions
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">C4 analyse chemical reactions, including reference to conservation of mass and rate of reaction **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">synthesis(combination)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">decomposition
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">singleanddoublereplacement
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">neutralization(acid <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">base)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">combustion

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">

PhET sites are well known for their excellent simulaitons. [|Lesson on balancing reactions.] Check out this [|site]for chemical balancing. This [|site] is a game that teaches you chemical balancing in a fun way (sorry for all the advertising!) This [|website]explains the process of balancing reaction equations clearly. The following [|website] provides exc﻿ellent practices and answers keys for <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">1. Writing and balancing equations.2. Determining reaction types and predicting products (section 6.1)3. Chemistry 11 Mole concepts and practices.4. [|Lesson on reaction types.]

<span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;"> = = = = <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 200%;">Chapter five: Compounds are classified in different ways __//**Prescribed Learning Outcomes:**//__ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">define //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">organic ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">compounds //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;"> and //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">inorganic ////<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">compounds // <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds, based on their chemical structures <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">recognize a compound as organic or inorganic from its name, from its chemical formula, or from a diagram or model
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">C3 distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds **

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 5.1 Acids and Bases ** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Lesson on acids and bases.] Check out [|this site]for acid and bases and pH scale information. More information on [|pH scale](chem 12 parts). Calculations with acid and bases (logarithms), buffers, weak acids and weak bases are chemistry 12 topics and titrations are introduced in chemistry 11. This acid-base lab is done in pairs. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 5.2 Salts ** Identifying salts using [|flame test simulations]. Everything you ever wanted to know about sodium chloride, one of [|many thousands of types of salts]. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 5.3 Organic Compounds ** This [|applet]teaches multiple ways for organic molecular modelling in an interactive way. Excellent [|introduction] to organic bonding and naming. This site is very [|advanced organic chemistry] and uses quantum mechanic principles to explain carbon bonding.

<span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 200%;">Chapter six: Chemical reactions occur in predictable ways <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 6.1 Types of Chemical Reactions ** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">There are two labs for this unit. The first lab is a teacher demonstration and the second lab is done in pairs.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; line-height: 0px; overflow: hidden;">



<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 6. 2 Factors Affecting the Rate of Chemical Reactions **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Complete lab in your textbook.

<span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; text-align: center;">Chapter seven: The Atomic Theory Explains Radioactivity __//**Prescribed Learning Outcomes:**//__ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">define //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Italic','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;"> isotope //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">in terms of atomic number and mass number, recognizing how these are communicated in standard atomic notation(e.g.,Uranium <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">238: <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">238 //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">U //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">92 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">relate radioactive decay(e.g.,alpha,beta,gamma) to changes in the nucleus <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">relate the following subatomic particles to radioactive decay: <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">explain half <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">life with reference to rates of radioactive decay <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">compare fission and fusion <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">complete and balance nuclear equations to illustrate radio-active decay,fission, and fusion
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">C5 explain radioactivity using modernatomictheory **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">proton( <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">1 //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">p //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">1 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">neutron( <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">1 //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">n //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">0 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">electron( <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">0 //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">e- //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">1 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">alphaparticle( <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">4 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">α <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">2 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">)( <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">4 //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPS-ItalicMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">He //<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">2 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">)
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">- <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">betaparticle( <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">0 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 16px;">β <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','sans-serif'; font-size: 9px;">1 <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'PalatinoLinotype-Roman','sans-serif'; font-size: 13px;">)

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 7.1 Atomic Theory, Isotopes, and Radioactive Decay ** <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">[|Alpha decay]simulation, [|beta decay] [|Lesson on nuclear chemistry.]

<span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 7.2 Half-life ** <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** 7.3 Nuclear Reactions ** <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%; text-align: left;">Check out [|nuclear fission]. How [|nuclear science]works.Applications: [|radioactive dating], [|microwaves], and [|lesson on nuclear fission and fusion.]